FitoterapiaGastronomia funcionalpaisagismo medicinalPANCPlantas espontâneasPlantas medicinaisPrescrição de JardinsSaúde

Mato ou planta?

Posted Ana Cimbleris
Beldroega Portulaca oleraceae

Quando você menos espera, elas surgem sem cerimônia, infiltradas no belo vaso de flores ou no canteiro especial das hortaliças. Sim, as plantas espontâneas – mais conhecidas como matinhos – chegam sem ser convidadas, e basta você notá-las para que pinte aquela vontade quase incontrolável de exterminá-las no mesmo minuto. Mas calma, não arranque o mato ainda! Não sem antes ler este texto até o fim.

Você sabia que grande parte das plantas que surgem inesperadamente nos jardins tem utilidade medicinal e gastronômica? Isso quer dizer que depois de arrancados, dentes-de-leão (Taraxacum officinale), transagens (Plantago sp.), beldroegas (Portulaca oleraceae) e outras ”danadinhas” não apenas não precisam ir para o lixo como podem virar um santo remédio. Afinal, como dizem por aí, “se algo brotou em seu quintal, é porque você deve estar precisando”!

Adorado pelas crianças – e também por muitos adultos – por conta de suas sementes aladas que voam ao primeiro sopro para depois brotarem em outros lugares, o dente-de-leão até que é tolerado nos jardins por conta de seu aspecto lúdico. Só que pouca gente sabe que as folhas da espécie podem ser consumidas cozidas, salteadas ou em saladas. Já as flores abertas podem virar geleias, e os botões florais fechados, ser usados em panquecas e em picles. Há ainda a opção de empanar as folhas e flores (abertas ou fechadas). No ramo da medicina, todas as partes das plantas são cientificamente reconhecidas por suas propriedades digestiva e diurética.

Outra espécie espontânea de grande utilidade é a tanchagem, também chamada de transagem, transage e tanchage. Suas sementes são usadas para o preparo de farinha, cobertura de pães ou para obtenção de mucilagem (deixadas de molho, assim como se faz
com a chia). Já as folhas podem ser cozidas, refogadas ou empanadas. Na medicina natural, a espécie é valorizada pelas propriedades anti-inflamatórias e antissépticas de suas folhas, que têm excelente aplicação como gargarejo em aftas, gengivites e afins. Já as sementes, tomadas com água, colaboram para bom funcionamento intestinal.

A beldroega, que virou destaque na gastronomia saudável por conter o famoso ômega 3, ácido graxo essencial que previne infarto e fortalece o sistema imunológico, pode render saladas, conservas, refogados, sopas e muitas outras receitas. O segredo está no uso das folhas e ramos ainda jovens. Já as sementes podem entrar no preparo de pães, e têm propriedades anti-inflamatória, diurética, e cicatrizante.

Aliás, as três espécies aqui apresentadas podem ser plantadas a partir de sementes, para que os brotos sejam usados em sanduíches, saladas e refogados.

É, como você pode perceber, é questão de conhecimento – e de familiarização – para que as espécies espontâneas sejam valorizadas por suas propriedades e até por sua beleza. Com a devida aprendizagem, os matinhos se transformam em planta, e quem sabe alguns deles possam até ganhar um espaço no seu canteiro.

1.550 thoughts on “Mato ou planta?”

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